Effect of Murine Adipose Derived Stem Cell(ADSC) on Bone Induction of Demineralized Bone Matrix(DBM) in a Rat Calvarian Defect Model.

Heo, Chan Yeong; Lee, Eun Hye; Seo, Seog Jin; Eun, Seok Chan; Chang, Hak; Baek, Rong Min; Minn, Kyeong Won

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Original Article

Journal of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons 2008;35(6):631-636.
Published online November 1, 2008.

Effect of Murine Adipose Derived Stem Cell(ADSC) on Bone Induction of Demineralized Bone Matrix(DBM) in a Rat Calvarian Defect Model.

Chan Yeong Heo, Eun Hye Lee, Seog Jin Seo, Seok Chan Eun, Hak Chang, Rong Min Baek, Kyeong Won Minn

¹Plastic Surgery Research Institute, Department of Plastic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. lionheo@snu.ac.kr
²Hans Biomed Daeduk Institute Seoul, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells(ADSC) has an osteoconductive potential and demineralized bone matrix(DBM) is an osteoinductive material. A combination of DBM and ADSC wound probably create osteoinductive properties. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the combination of DBM and ADSC mixture on healing of rat calvarial defect. METHODS: Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 3 groups(n=10) as 1) Control, 2) DBM alone, 3) DBM with ADSC mixture. DBM with ADSC mixture group has had a 3-day preculture of ADSC from groin fat pad. An 6 mm critical size circular calvarial defect was made in each rat. Defect was implanted with DBM alone or DBM with ADSC mixture. Control defect was left unfilled. 6 and 12 weeks after the implantation, the rats were sacrificed and the defects were evaluated by histomorphometric and radiographical studies.
RESULTS
Histomorphometric analysis revealed that DBM with ADSC mixture group showed significantly higher bone formation than DBM alone group(p<0.05). Although radiographs from DBM alone group and DBM with ADSC group revealed similar diffuse radiopaque spots dispersed throughout the defect. Densitometric analysis of calvarial defect revealed DBM with ADSC mixture group significantly higher bone formation than DBM alone(p<0.05). There was correlation of densitometry with new bone formation(Spearman's correlation of coefficient=0.804, 6 weeks, 0.802, 12 weeks).
CONCLUSION
The DBM with ADSC mixture group showed the best healing response and the osteoinductive properties of DBM were accelerated with ADSC mixture. It will be clinically applicable that DBM and ADSC mixture in plastic and reconstructive surgery, such as alveolar cleft and congenital facial deformities that bone graft should be required.

Keywords: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells(ADSC); Demineralized bone matrix(DBM); Bone induction

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